Syllabus Of INTRODUCTION TO FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE

INTRODUCTION TO FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE

3(1-2)

THEORY

Introduction to fisheries, national and international trends, Fish morphology and diversity in size and shape, distribution of fishes in Pakistan (marine and freshwater), Fishing gears, fishing methods, techniques, fishing communities, Fish habitat, ecology and extant of distribution, Food and feeding habit, feeding types, Commercial fishes, marine and freshwater, Problems in fisheries and management in Pakistan (marine and inland), Introduction to Aquaculture, systems of Aquaculture, Types of ponds, planning construction, pond preparation, etc, Pond fertilization, application, Water quality parameters (abiotic: temperature, light, salinity, pH, turbidity, etc.) and their effect on fish production, Biotic parameters (Plankton, insects, aquatic vegetation, etc) of ponds, lakes, rivers, and impact on growth, Artificial and natural fish food, feed ingredients, Fish diseases and their control, Induced breeding, fish genetics and recent practices and potentials, Fish preservation, processing and transportation fish marketing.

PRACTICAL

Morphological characters of typical fish, morphometrics, Species identification, fin formula, etc., key to identification of commercial fishes, Visit wetland/lake/river/coastal areas to study fish diversity and distribution, Dissection of common fish to study digestive system, Dissection of common fish to study circulatory system, Dissection of common fish to study reproductive system, Practical demonstration of induced breeding, Introduction to artificial feed ingredients, Visit to

aquaculture farms, Visit to fish hatchery, Measurements of water quality parameters, Measurements of biotic parameters (phytoplankton & zooplankton) slides, Pond construction and design criteria, Fish market visit, Fish diseases (bacterial, fungal) samples study, slides. Fish diseases (parasitic, etc.) samples study, slides.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Pillay, T.V.R. 2002. Aquaculture: Principles and Practices. Blackwell Science Limited. 5

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Syllabus Molecular Biology

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

4(2-2)

THEORY

Introduction to Molecular Biology: Why we need to study molecular biology, Genes and chromosomes, Identification of DNA as the genetic material, Structure of DNA, Replication of DNA, Expression of genetic information, Vectors and their uses in molecular biology: composition of a plasmid vector, M 13 and lamda Phages as vectors in molecular biology, Modifications of phage vectors and their uses, DNA modification enzymes, linkers, adaptors and their uses, Specialized libraries: chromosomal, deletion enrichment, subtractive hybridization libraries, Screening libraries: screening strategies I, Library screening strategies II, Hybridization of nucleic acids, Principle of polymerase chain reaction, Principles of primer designing for PCR, DNA sequencing: principle and methods, Finding of open reading frame in a cloned gene, Introducing mutations in DNA, Cite directed mutagenesis in a given gene, Expression systems and their uses, Promoters and gene expressions, Regulation of gene expression, How to study promoters? How to make fusion proteins, Satellite, minisatellite and micorsattelite DNA, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, How to prepare a transgenic animal?

PRACTICAL

Good lab practices, Genomic DNA extraction from eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, Plasmid DNA extraction, RNA extraction, Estimation of nucleic acids, Reverse Transcriptase of RNA, PCR, Restriction of DNA, Electrophoresis of DNA in agarose gel, Preparation of cell lysate, Protein estimation, SDS-PAGE, Staining of gel and its documentation, Transformation of host cells, Selection of transformants, Use of computers for DNA and protein sequence data from world wide web.

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BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Bell, D.D. and W.D. Weaver. 2002. Commercial Chicken Meat and Egg Production. 5th Edition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell Massachusetts 02061 USA.

2. Crawford, R.D. 1990. Poultry Breeding and Genetics. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam. The Netherlands.

3. Etches, R. J. 1996. Reproduction in Poultry. CAB International, UK.

4. Ensminger, M.E. 1992. Poultry Science. The Interstate Printers and Publishers Inc. Danville. Illinois. USA.

5. Muir, W.M. and S.E. Aggrey. 2003. Poultry Genetics. Breeding and Biotechnology. Ist Edition. CAB International, UK.

6. Parkhurst, C.R. and G.J. Mountney. 1997. Poultry Meat and Egg Production. Chapman and hall Inc., New York, USA.

7. Taylor, L.W. 2003. Fertility and Hatchability of Chicken and Turkey Egg. Greenword Publishers. Lucknow. India.

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Syllabus Of BIOCHEMISTRY OF METABOLISM

BIOCHEMISTRY OF METABOLISM

2(2-0)

THEORY

Introduction of metabolism, Glycolysis, regulation, and energy production, Kreb‟s cycle, regulation and energy production, Pentose phosphate shunt, Glucoronic acid pathway, Glucogensis, glycogensis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogensis, Metabolism of fructose, galactose and lactose, Introduction to protein metabolism and plasma amino acidsSynthesis of non-essential amino acids, Fate of ammonia and keto-acids, Urea cycle and its importance, glutathione and creatinine formation, Catabolism of non-essential amino acids,Introduction to lipid metabolism, Beta-oxidation of even chained-fatty acids, Beta-oxidation of odd-chained fatty acids, Omega-oxidation of fats, Alpha-oxidation of fats, Oxidation of respiratory chain, Biosynthesis of fatty acids, Biosynthesis of triglycerides,Biosynthesis of triglycerides, Biosynthesis of prostaglandins, Biosynthesis of cholesterol, Factors affecting cholesterol level in plasma,Transportation of lipids, Role of adipose tissue in fat metabolism, Ketogensis and use of ketone bodies, Metabolism of bile salts and bile acids, Intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins,

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Bioenergetics, Introduction to fermentation, Use of agro-industrial wastes for production of antibiotics, enzymes and steroids,

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Ahmad Mushtaq, A. (2003). essential of medical biochemistry, Vol !, 7th Ed. Ilmi book house urdu bazaar, Lahore

2. Murrary, R. K, D. K. Granner, P.A Mayes and V.W Redwell. (2000). Harper‟s Biochemistry, 25th Ed. Appleton & Lange Inc. USA

3. Stryer, L. 1995. Biochemistry. W. H. Freemen Pub. Co. USA.

4. Nelson, D. L & M M. Cox (2000). Leheninger Principles of Biochemistry. 3rd Ed., Livingston Pub, Inc, USA.

5. Brown, T. A. (2001). Gene cloning and DNA analysis: An Introduction. 4th Ed. Blackwell science Ltd., U.K.

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Syllabus Of Genral Biochemistry

THEORY

GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY

4(2-2)

Introduction to Biochemistry, Biochemical properties and function of Water. Biochemical properties and function of Water, pH, Buffer, Buffer solutions, Regulation of acid base balance, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, Buffer systems of body fluids. Respiratory acid base balance, Renal regulation of hydrogen ion concentration, Biomemebrane, structure, functions, mechanism of transport across the membrane, Passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transportation, osmosis and osmotic pressure, Introduction to carbohydrates and their classification; monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide. Glycosidic linkages. Stereisomerism, optical isomerism, optical activity sp. Rotation and mutarotation., Chemical properties of monosacchrides,, Cyclic forms of sugar and Heteropolysacchrides, Introduction to proteins, classification of amino acids and Peptide linkage, Physiological significance, amphoteric properties Isoelectric pH, Primary, Secondary Tertiary and Quaternary structure of proteins, Classification of proteins; conjugated and derived proteins, Functions of proteins, introduction to Enzymes, general characteristics, Enzyme activity, specific activity, turns over number. Chemical nature and difference with non biological catalysts, Michaels Menton equation, Importance of Km and Vmax, Classification of enzymes, Co-enzymes, Chemical and clinical importance of enzymes, Factors affecting enzymes activity, inhibition, Introduction to lipids, Classification of lipids; fatty acids, saturated, unsaturated & essential., Physical and Chemical properties of fatty acids and triglycerides, Steroids, sterols and cholesterol, Prostaglandins and their physiological role, Introduction to nucleic acids Chemical composition and structures of DNA and RNA, Functions of DNA & RNA, Central DOGMA and its significance.

PRACTICAL

Preparation of solution of different normalities, molarities and back titration, Preparation of buffers of definite pH. Determination of pH values of biological fluids, Demonstrate the practical application of Handerson-Hasselbach‟s equation. To detect the carbohydrate in the given solution by Molisch‟s test, To detect the presence of reducing monosaccharides in the given solution. To detect polysaccharide by Iodine test, To detect the presence of reducing sugar in the given solution, To detect the presence

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of Ketose sugar in the given solution by Selivanoff‟s test, Phenyl Hydrazine Test, Hydrolysis Of Sucrose. Hydrolysis Of Starch, Identification scheme for carbohydrates (To Identify An Unknown Carbohydrate In The Given Solution), Biuret Test (To Detect The Presence Of Protein In The Given Solution ), Precipitation Of Casein At Its Isoelectric Point. Heat Coagulation Test. Salt Saturation Tests, Identification Scheme For Proteins (To Identify An Unknown Protein In The Given Solution) Properties of lipids (To Demonstrate That Lipids Do Not Wt Paper And They Are Greasy In Nature). To Demonstrate The Solubility Of The Given Lipid In Various Cold And Hot Solvents. To Demonstrate The Emulsification Of Neutral Fat In Water And Solutions Of Sodium Carbonate, Soap And Bile Salt, To Detect The Presence Of Cholesterol In The Given Solution By Salkowiski‟s Reaction.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Ahmad Mushtaq, A. (2003). essential of medical biochemistry, Vol !, 7th Ed. Ilmi book house urdu bazaar, Lahore

2. Murrary, R. K, D. K. Granner, P.A Mayes and V.W Redwell. (2000). Harper‟s Biochemistry, 25th Ed. Appleton & Lange Inc. USA

3. Stryer, L. 1995. Biochemistry. W. H. Freemen Pub. Co. USA.

4. Nelson, D. L & M M. Cox (2000). Leheninger Principles of Biochemistry. 3rd Ed., Livingston Pub, Inc, USA.

5. Brown, T. A. (2001). Gene cloning and DNA analysis: An Introduction. 4th Ed. Blackwell science Ltd., U.K.

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Subjects Of 10th semester(internship)

Subjects Of 10th semester

COURSE NO.			COURSE TITLE				Contact Hours
Theory					Practical
PH	Poultry Farm Operations			0				4
LM	Livestock Farm Operations			0				4
SS	English – III (Technical Report Writing and Presentation)			2				0
Internship
Total		2				8

internship semester

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Subjects Of 9th semester

Subjects Of 9th semester

COURSE NO.			COURSE TITLE				Contact Hours
Theory					Practical
EPI	Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health			2				2
PATH	Poultry Pathology			1				4
ZOOLOGY	Lab and Zoo animal Management			1				0
APT	Meat and Slaughter Byproducts Technology			2				2
AR	Reproduction Clinic - III			0				4
MED	Medicine Clinic – III			0				4
SURG	Surgery Clinic – III			0				4
AN	Feed Mill Operation			0				4
Total		6				24

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Subjects Of 8th semester

Subjects Of 8th semester

COURSE NO.			COURSE TITLE				Contact Hours
Theory					Practical
AR	Introduction to Reproductive Biotechnologies			2				0
MED	Systemic Veterinary Medicine - II			3				0
PATH	Forensic Medicine & Jurisprudence			1				0
SURG	Shoeing and Soundness			1				2
SURG	Small animal Surgery			1				4
AR	Reproduction clinic - II			0				4
MED	Medicine Clinic - II			0				4
SURG	Surgery Clinic - II			0				4
PATH	Veterinary Clinical Pathology			0				4
Total		8				22

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Subjects Of 7th semester

Subjects Of 7th semester

COURSE NO.			COURSE TITLE				Contact Hours
Theory					Practical
SURG	Large Animal Surgery			1				2
MED	Systemic Veterinary Medicine - I			3				0
PATH	Meat Hygiene and Public Health			1				2
EPI	Milk Hygiene and Public Health			1				2
ABG	Animal breeding Plans and Policies			2				2
LM	Equine and Camel Production			0				4
AR	Reproduction Clinic - I			0				4
MED	Medicine Clinic - I			0				4
SURG	Surgery Clinic - I			0				4
AR	Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital diseases			2				4
Total		10				28

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